nicholas biddle civil war

If this is true, then, as Schuylkill County historian Herrwood Hobbs wrote, “something of financier Biddle rubbed off on him,” and he adopted the capitalist’s name. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 5,000 articles originally published in our various magazines. Biography of Nicholas Biddle. Chaplain James M. Guthrie. By the time the American Civil War broke out Nicholas Biddle was in his mid-60s. One thing about Biddle is that real name is basically lost to history. Quakers, they had emigrated from England in part to escape religious persecution.Having acquired extensive rights to more than 43,000 acres (170 km 2) … The 6th Massachusetts was taking the same route as the First Defenders and retaliated by firing on the Baltimore rioters. Contributor Names Nicholas Biddle died in his home on August 2, 1876, at the age of 80. COPYRIGHT (C) 2017 - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - BLACK THEN Many of the Pennsylvanians present that day believed Biddle was the first man to be struck down by an enemy combatant in the Civil War. He preferred to remain with the company. Nor is it known where Biddle first settled in Pennsylvania. Nicholas Biddle's Management In 1823, the BUSII entered its third stage under President Nicholas Biddle, who as a Pennsylvania state legislator had been a supporter of the first Bank of the United States. Biddle would return to Pottsville and passed in 1876 at 82. For whatever reason, the servant Biddle remained behind in Pottsville when his employer returned to Philadelphia. The Pennsylvanians were the first of the volunteers to arrive in the District of Columbia and would thus go down in history as the “First Defenders.” Their Baltimore injuries occurred as the men arrived for the final leg of their journey from Pennsylvania to Washington. The Biddle family of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is a prominent Old Philadelphian family descended from English immigrants William Biddle (1630–1712) and Sarah Kempe (1634–1709), who arrived in the Province of New Jersey in 1681. “Peace, Union, and Glory”: Berks County African Americans in the Civil War By LAURA HIRNEISEN After Lincoln’s initial call for troops in 1861, Pottsville resident Nicholas Biddle, then sixty-five years old, promised himself he would join the fighting, even if it had to be on the sly. Lincoln wanted to thank the men who had arrived to defend Washington only four days after he called for 75,000 volunteers to quell the rebellion that began with the attack on Fort Sumter on April 12. The president learned the Pennsylvanians had been attacked while traveling through Baltimore en route to the capital. Biddle, the bank’s director, retaliated by restricting loans to the state banks, resulting in a reduction of the money supply. Regardless of who shed first blood in what would be the bloodiest of all America’s wars, it seems strange that Biddle remains an overlooked and almost entirely forgotten figure in the Civil War’s rich history. black history culture race. Old Hickory's attack on Biddle's bank had some unexpected consequences Editor's Note: Bray Hammond wrote this essay for American Heritage in 1956 and developed it into Banks and Politics in America from the Revolution to the Civil War, for which he won the Pulitzer Prize for history in 1958. A large crowd gathered in front of Biddle’s home and then, as a drum corps played, began the solemn procession up Minersville Street to the “colored burying ground” adjacent to the Bethel A.M.E. Church. The first man to shed blood during the Civil war was an escaped slave by the name of Nicholas Biddle from Pottsville, PA. Due to his having escaped a life of slavery very little is known of Mr. Biddle's life. Nicholas Biddle. He had been associated with the company since its formation in 1840 and was so highly regarded by the members of the unit that they considered him one of their own and issued him a uniform. Source: Blackfacts.com. But Biddle refused. Charles John Biddle (1819 – September 28, 1873) was an American soldier, lawyer, Congressman, and newspaper editor. On September 10, 1833, President Jackson pulled the government deposits out of the Bank of the United States (BUS) and put it into the state banks. The marker for his grave had been destroyed not only after he was buried. When civil war erupted in April 1861, Biddle, described as "a gently aging man of sixty-five," departed Pottsville with the Washington Artillerists, as an aide, ... "In Memory of Nicholas Biddle, Died August 2, 1876. . On April 18, 1951, the 90th anniversary of the First Defenders’ famed march through Baltimore, the people of Pottsville dedicated a bronze plaque for the Civil War Soldiers’ Monument in Garfield Square. A few years after graduation from Princeton College, John Biddle entered the United States Army, serving for most of the War of 1812 in the Niagara Frontier under General Scott. He took an active interest in the city’s two militia companies, the National Light Infantry and the Washington Artillery, whose members he quickly befriended. Did Andrew Jackson Shut down the bank to stop him? By Dannie Gore Nicholas Biddle first to shed blood for The Civil War. The term of service for the initial 75,000 Northern volunteers—including those in the ranks of the First Defender companies—was for three months, and in late July 1861, the soldiers were mustered out. Nicholas Biddle was the first casualty of the Civil War. Judi Dench (Dame Judith Dench), actress; known to James Bond fans for her role as M in Bond films beginning with Golden Eye (1997), her many awards include an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress (Chocolat, 2000). The surviving veterans of the Washington Artillery and the National Light Infantry once again answered the call. He reportedly shook hands with Biddle and encouraged him to seek medical attention. Privacy. The First Official Casualty of the Civil War was a 65-year-old Escaped Slave. M. Swift primarily writes on moments and important figures in Black history for Your Black World. As the volunteers arrived at Camden Station, they were pelted with stones, bricks, bottles and whatever else the local mob could reach; some were even clubbed or knocked down by a few well-landed punches. The following morning, the two companies, along with the Ringgold Light Artillery from Reading, the Logan Guards from Lewistown and the Allen Infantry of Allentown, boarded the North Central Railroad and began their journey to Washington via Baltimore. Even his real name is unknown. John Milton, British writer and poet (Paradise Lost). "In Memory of Nicholas Biddle, Died Aug.2, 1876, Aged 80 years. ... the Cherokee Trail of Tears, the seizure of Spanish Florida, the battle of New Orleans, the declaration of war on the Federalist bank of America, ... developed during civil war era for fast communication with the west. Jackson’s veto was only one part of the war on the “monster bank.” In 1833, the president removed the deposits from the national bank and placed them in state banks. Nicholas Biddle, an African American Union soldier was the first man wounded in the Civil War. BIDDLE’S INJURIES WERE THE MOST SERIOUS, an irony considering he wasn’t technically a soldier since the Federal government would not muster him in because of his race. “Nigger in Uniform! Biddle adopted the name and whoever he was called before was forgotten. . Born in the late 1790s, he escaped slavery in Delaware and resided in Pennsylvania most of his adult life where he worked in a Pottsville hotel. The militia managed to escape but not with thirty-six of their men being injured and having to leave the bulk of their gear. Biddle spent the rest of his life in Pottsville, performing odd jobs until he began to suffer from rheumatism. As he grew older and more infirm he couldn’t perform any labor. Biddle adopted the name and whoever … Despite being a wounded veteran, he could not draw a Federal pension because he had never mustered in. Banker (1786-1844) Born in Philadelphia on January 8, 1786, Biddle entered the University of Pennsylvania at the age of ten. Born in the late 1790s, he escaped slavery in Delaware and resided in Pennsylvania most of his adult life where he worked in a Pottsville hotel. of hostilities was Daniel Hough, an Irish immigrant soldier who died at Fort Sumpter on April 14, 1861, four days before Nicholas Biddle, who was injured during a civil disturbance at a train station in Baltimore several days later. Nigger in Uniform!” screamed the agitated Baltimore crowd of Southern sympathizers. “If poor old Nick Biddle calls on you with a document, as he calls it, don’t say you are in a hurry and turn him off, but ornament the paper with your signature and plant a good round sum opposite your name,” the paper implored. The angry citizens of Baltimore were spoiling for a fight and picked up whatever weapons and projectiles they could find. When news of President Lincoln’s call to arms spread throughout the North in April 1861, both the National Light Infantry and the Washington Artillery were quick to tender their services. Biddle, Nicholas--Military service. Bookmark /2004678578/ Bookmark:2004678578 Bookmark:2004678578. Little is known about Biddle’s life, except that he was born a slave in Delaware about 1796 and later escaped. After Biddle moved to the Pennsylvania State Senate, he lobbied for the rechartering of the Second Bank of the United States. A grateful President Lincoln later greeted the Pennsylvanians. First Defender Heber Thompson wrote that one man was caught dumping gunpowder on the floor of one of train cars “in the hope that a soldier carelessly striking a match in the darkened interior…might blow himself and his comrades to perdition.” For the idealistic volunteers from Pottsville, Allentown, Reading and Lewistown, the ordeal quickly erased any romanticized notions of soldiering they might have had. Also see . Troops of color weren’t admitted into the U.S Army until May 1863 with the establishment of the United States Colored Troops. In befriending members of the National Light Infantry and the Washington Artillery, Biddle joined the First Defenders—several militias from Pennsylvania—as the orderly of Captain James Wren. Nicholas Biddle (17861844) established the Bank of the United States as a prototype of the modern central banking system. Biddle's work as a banker has been extensively treated in Ralph C. H. Catterall, The Second Bank of the United States (1903); Fritz Redlich, The Molding of American Banking: Men and Ideas (2 vols., 1947-1951); Walter B. Smith, Economic Aspects of the Second Bank of the United States (1953); and Bray Hammond, Banks and Politics in America from the Revolution to the Civil War (1957). John Cassavetes, actor (The Dirty Dozen), film director, screenwriter (Faces). William Lipscomb, chemist; awarded Nobel Prize in 1976. The First Defenders on the other had guns—that didn’t work. Before setting out from the Pennsylvania capital, the soldiers of the five companies took the oath of allegiance and were all sworn in as soldiers of the United States. Jean de Brunhoff, illustrator and author, creator of the Babar series of books. 2 Fritz Redlich, The Molding of American Banking: Men and Ideas (New York: Hafner, 1947) p. 110. Private Ignatz Gresser, a native of Germany, suffered from a painful ankle wound, and Private David Jacobs had a fractured left wrist and a few broken teeth. He is the author of First in Defense of the Union: The Civil War History of the First Defenders, and maintains a Web site on the 48th Pennsylvania at 48thpennsylvania.blogspot.com. The entire Baltimore police force had been summoned to escort the volunteers through the streets, but even the police had a difficult time controlling the raucous crowd of 2,000, which jeered the anxious militiamen while hurrahing for Jefferson Davis and the Southern Confederacy. The following day the Pratt Street Riot broke out. Captain Thomas Yeager was extremely concerned about the situation and expected “an intended massacre in Baltimore.” While the First Defenders were met by Union troops lead by Lt. General John C. Pemberton to get them to the station, this would only be halfway. A brother, Major Thomas Biddle, served in the U. S. Army and another brother, Commodore James Biddle, was a noted Naval officer. The first Bank of the United In addition to working in a hotel, Biddle was also heavily involved in the Underground Railroad and worked with the Gillingham Family. Sarah Spencer Washington. HistoryNet.com is brought to you by Historynet LLC, the world's largest publisher of history magazines. Before he died, the proud figure claimed he had enough money saved up in the bank for a proper funeral and burial, but upon his death it was discovered that there was not a penny to his name. Departing Pottsville on April 17, 1861, they reached Harrisburg late that evening. Grace Hopper, mathematician and computer pioneer. Nicholas Biddle. Kirk Douglas, American actor (Spartacus). Posted March 22, 2020. Since that time, remembrance of Biddle’s role in the Civil War has faded almost to the point of oblivion, and, shamefully, his tombstone has been destroyed by vandals. John D. Hoptak works as a ranger at Antietam National Battlefield. Another story, perhaps more plausible, has the escaped slave settling in Pottsville itself and becoming a servant at the Mountain House hotel, where he was employed during the January 1840 dinner. One thing about Biddle is that real name is basically lost to history. April 18, 1861,” it reads. So you think the Civil War only happened because of events and decisions after 1850? Biddle refused the president’s advice to seek medical attention, insisting that he preferred to remain with his company. Chartered in 1816 and was prosperous under Nicholas Biddle. “In Memory of the First Defenders And Nicholas Biddle, of Pottsville, First Man To Shed Blood In The Civil War. By the end of the incident, four soldiers and twelve rioters were dead. His Was the Proud Distinction of Shedding the First Blood In the Late War For the Union, Being Wounded While Marching Through Baltimore With the First Volunteers From Schuylkill County 18 April 1861. Billy Edd Wheeler, singer, songwriter ("Jackson," "Coward of the County"). The rest of the way, the Defenders were escorted by Baltimore police. “Poor Nick had to take it” as the mob closed in like “wild wolves,” Captain James Wren, Biddle’s commander, later recorded. Biography Biddle was born and died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The latter could be hinting to a gentleman by the name of Nicholas Biddle, an African-American soldier passing through Baltimore on April 18, 1861 on his way to Washington and the battlefields of the Civil War. Dick Butkus, pro football player; inducted into Pro Football Hall of Fame, 1979. "Nick Biddle," of Pottsville, Pa., the first man wounded in the great American Rebellion, "Baltimore, April 18, 1861" / W. R. Mortimer. He was the son of Nicholas Biddle, president of the Second Bank of the United States, and nephew of Congressman Richard Biddle. While serving with the Washington Artillery in Baltimore in the first days of the war, he was targeted by a Confederate and badly injured by a brick thrown on April 18, 1861. 3 Bray Hammond, Banks and Politics in America: From the Revolution to the Civil War (Princeton His was the Proud Distinction of Shedding the First Blood in the Late War for the Union, Being Wounded while marching through Baltimore with the First Volunteers from Schuylkill County, 18 April 1861. Following his retirement from banking, he helped establish Girard College in Philadelphia and held literar… This collection contains a typescript transcription of the Civil War diary of Nicholas Biddle Gibbon, written between 1861 and 1866, and describing his service in North Carolina and Virginia as a drill master and commissary in the 1st and 28th North Carolina Regiments. Size Approximately 8x12 inches. One account has him settling in Philadelphia, where he possibly was taken in by abolitionists. Traveling to D.C, the Defenders had to change connecting trains in Baltimore, a slave port. Joel Chandler Harris, writer, creator of the Uncle Remus tales. By Editor. Posted May 15, 2020. The vibe of Baltimore was that Maryland needed to ditch the Union. Since that time, remembrance of Biddle’s role in the Civil War has faded almost to the point of oblivion, and, shamefully, his tombstone has been destroyed by vandals. Like many lives of African-Americans at the time, that of Nicholas Biddle leaves history with more questions than answers. Read the poem “The Grave of Nick Biddle“, a stirring ode written in 1876 about April 18, 1861, the day “In Baltimore City, where riot ran high.”. On this day in 1861, Nicholas Biddle became “the first blood of the Civil War” in the midst of mob violence in Baltimore. The surviving First Defenders contributed $1 each to pay for a tombstone, upon which was inscribed: In Memory of Nicholas Biddle, Died August 2, 1876, Aged 80 Years. In Baltimore, the First Defenders ended up in a hive of aggression as a mob 2,000 people deep moved in on them. One struck Biddle in the head, knocking him to the ground and leaving a wound that reportedly exposed bone. He remained in Pottsville, still nursing the painful head wound he had suffered in Baltimore. Not only that, but it was what you could call a “hostile city” at the time. Now known as the Gillingham House, the residence served as a station house for escaped slaves heading further into the north. Around this time, the Philadelphia’s famous banker Nicholas Biddle had rolled into town to establish an iron furnace. By admin. But most of the First Defenders were quick to reenlist, this time “for three years, or the course of the war.” Almost to a man, the National Light Infantry became Company A of the 96th Pennsylvania Infantry, while most members of the Washington Artillery reenlisted into the ranks of Company B, 48th Pennsylvania Infantry, with James Wren remaining as captain. Agreeing to pay for the costs, they arranged Biddle’s funeral, which took place just two days after his death. Bank War, in U.S. history, the struggle between President Andrew Jackson and Nicholas Biddle, president of the Bank of the United States, over the continued existence of the only national banking institution in the nation during the second quarter of the 19th century. Pottsville’s leading newspaper, The Miners’ Journal, appealed to the community for help. According to this account, Biddle, along with his servant, traveled to the Schuylkill County seat of Pottsville in January 1840 for a celebratory dinner at the Mountain House hotel in the nearby village of Mount Carbon. Impoverished in his final years, he walked the streets of Pottsville seeking charity. Henry Kendall, particle physicist; shared Nobel Prize in 1990. Continue Reading. He also served in the Pennsylvania General Assembly. Read the poem "Grave of Nick Biddle" dedicated to the Civil War's first blood. Thomas P. "Tip" O'Neill, speaker of the House of Representatives. In History. At the time some considered Biddle’s blood the first shed in hostility during the Civil War. Whatever the truth, by 1840 Biddle had made Pottsville his home, taking up residence in a modest dwelling on Minersville Street. But exactly when he slipped the chains of human bondage is not known. It’s odd considering he didn’t change his name until his late-30s or early-40s. United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Military personnel--Union. At the time, however, Biddle received the attention even of Abraham Lincoln as the president visited the militiamen being billeted at the U.S. Capitol on April 19. He is best known for his role in the Bank War. But it was the frail 65-year-old Biddle, wearing the uniform of the Washington Artillery, his head wrapped with blood-soaked bandages, who especially caught Lincoln’s attention. Friend Ron Coddington, well-known for his Civil War Faces series, contributed a fine article specifically on the First Defenders and the story of Nicholas Biddle, which can be found here. It was upon seeing Biddle that they exploded. Biddle, however, had willingly marched off to war as the orderly of Captain Wren, the Washington Artillery’s commanding officer. Nicholas Biddle becomes the first African American in uniform to be wounded in the Civil War ... Nicholas Biddle becomes the first African American in uniform to be wounded in the Civil War. First Casualty of the Civil War Disputed. Along with 80 industrialists and capitalists, they celebrated the success of William Lyman’s Pottsville Furnace, the first in the United States to smelt iron by an anthracite-fired blast furnace continuously for 100 days. Jacqueline Dormer/staff photo A flag marks the grave of First Defender Nicholas Biddle, who was the first to shed blood in the Civil War. There were chants of “N****r in uniform!” The mob threw objects at the group and Biddle was struck in the head with a brick. As for the Union soldier who was the first to spill blood, Nicholas Biddle was unable to enlist for the Union. Around this time, the Philadelphia’s famous banker Nicholas Biddle had rolled into town to establish an iron furnace. April 18, 1861,” it reads. Preserving the Civil War's Legacy A short, focused history of the politics of Reconstruction in a changing America In The Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant: Preserving the Civil War’s Legacy , historian Paul Kahan focuses on the unique political, economic, and cultural forces unleashed by the Civil War and how Grant addressed these issues during his tumultuous two terms as chief executive. “Nick has been a good soldier and now that he is getting old and feeble, he deserves the support of our citizens.”. Summary Photograph shows Nicholas Biddle, an African American Union soldier, in uniform, half-length portrait, facing front. By Dannie Gore Nicholas Biddle first to shed blood for The Civil War. William Barret Travis, commander of the Texas troops at the battle of the Alamo. Nicholas Biddle (January 8, 1786 – February 27, 1844) was an American financier who served as the third and last president of the Second Bank of the United States (chartered 1816–1836). A true American aristocrat, he read classics in their original language and collected art. Battered and bruised, the First Defenders would arrive in Washington D.C later in the day where President Lincoln met them personally. Dick Van Patten, actor; best known for his role on the TV series Eight is Enough. While Pennsylvania was technically outside of the slaveholding U.S, it was a border state. Cartes de visite--1860-1870. Next Post On Race, Ballet and Being Muslim: We are not less than anyone else. Nick Biddle, however, did not accompany Wren when the 48th left Schuylkill County in September 1861. In History. 1 Thomas P. Govan, Nicholas Biddle: Nationalist and Public Banker (University of Chicago Press, 1959) p. 412. They had been angry enough when Pennsylvania militiamen had detrained at Bolton Street station and began marching down Eutaw Street toward Camden Station on April 18, 1861, but when they saw Nicholas Biddle, an African American in uniform who was treated as an equal by his white comrades, their blood lust only increased and their calls grew louder. ” Collection “ Breaking Barriers ” Collection he was born a slave in Delaware about 1796 and escaped..., chemist ; awarded Nobel Prize in 1976, president of the,! For his role in the day where president Lincoln met them personally behind in Pottsville when his returned!, 1786, Biddle entered the University of Chicago Press, 1959 ) P. nicholas biddle civil war! Nicholas Biddle, died Aug.2, 1876, at the time, that Nicholas. Engineer stepped in, the world 's largest publisher of history magazines bruised, Defenders. His role on the other had guns—that didn ’ t perform any labor LLC, the Molding of Banking... 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